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1 charcoal
فَحْم الحَطَب \ charcoal: wood heated in a closed place until it is black and breakable used for burning or drawing. -
2 charcoal
[ˈtʃaːkəul] nounthe black part of partly burned wood etc, used as fuel and for drawing.فَحْمٌ نَباتي -
3 Darby, Abraham
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1678 near Dudley, Worcestershire, Englandd. 5 May 1717 Madely Court, Coalbrookdale, Shropshire, England[br]English ironmaster, inventor of the coke smelting of iron ore.[br]Darby's father, John, was a farmer who also worked a small forge to produce nails and other ironware needed on the farm. He was brought up in the Society of Friends, or Quakers, and this community remained important throughout his personal and working life. Darby was apprenticed to Jonathan Freeth, a malt-mill maker in Birmingham, and on completion of his apprenticeship in 1699 he took up the trade himself in Bristol. Probably in 1704, he visited Holland to study the casting of brass pots and returned to Bristol with some Dutch workers, setting up a brassworks at Baptist Mills in partnership with others. He tried substituting cast iron for brass in his castings, without success at first, but in 1707 he was granted a patent, "A new way of casting iron pots and other pot-bellied ware in sand without loam or clay". However, his business associates were unwilling to risk further funds in the experiments, so he withdrew his share of the capital and moved to Coalbrookdale in Shropshire. There, iron ore, coal, water-power and transport lay close at hand. He took a lease on an old furnace and began experimenting. The shortage and expense of charcoal, and his knowledge of the use of coke in malting, may well have led him to try using coke to smelt iron ore. The furnace was brought into blast in 1709 and records show that in the same year it was regularly producing iron, using coke instead of charcoal. The process seems to have been operating successfully by 1711 in the production of cast-iron pots and kettles, with some pig-iron destined for Bristol. Darby prospered at Coalbrookdale, employing coke smelting with consistent success, and he sought to extend his activities in the neighbourhood and in other parts of the country. However, ill health prevented him from pursuing these ventures with his previous energy. Coke smelting spread slowly in England and the continent of Europe, but without Darby's technological breakthrough the ever-increasing demand for iron for structures and machines during the Industrial Revolution simply could not have been met; it was thus an essential component of the technological progress that was to come.Darby's eldest son, Abraham II (1711–63), entered the Coalbrookdale Company partnership in 1734 and largely assumed control of the technical side of managing the furnaces and foundry. He made a number of improvements, notably the installation of a steam engine in 1742 to pump water to an upper level in order to achieve a steady source of water-power to operate the bellows supplying the blast furnaces. When he built the Ketley and Horsehay furnaces in 1755 and 1756, these too were provided with steam engines. Abraham II's son, Abraham III (1750–89), in turn, took over the management of the Coalbrookdale works in 1768 and devoted himself to improving and extending the business. His most notable achievement was the design and construction of the famous Iron Bridge over the river Severn, the world's first iron bridge. The bridge members were cast at Coalbrookdale and the structure was erected during 1779, with a span of 100 ft (30 m) and height above the river of 40 ft (12 m). The bridge still stands, and remains a tribute to the skill and judgement of Darby and his workers.[br]Further ReadingA.Raistrick, 1989, Dynasty of Iron Founders, 2nd edn, Ironbridge Gorge Museum Trust (the best source for the lives of the Darbys and the work of the company).H.R.Schubert, 1957, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry AD 430 to AD 1775, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.LRD -
4 mkoko
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkoko[Swahili Plural] mikoko[English Word] cocoa tree[English Plural] cocoa trees[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[Derived Language] English[Derived Word] koko[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkoko[Swahili Plural] mikoko[English Word] mangrove[English Plural] mangroves[Taxonomy] Rhizophora mucronata[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[English Definition] coastal tree species of which the wood is used for house building and the bark for the soles of sandals[Swahili Example] ukitaka kununua mikoko kwa wingi ama samaki, nenda Lamu [Masomo 153][English Example] if you want to buy mangrove in quantity or fish, go to Lamu[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkoko magondi[Swahili Plural] mikoko magondi[English Word] mangrove (type of)[English Plural] mangroves[Taxonomy] Rhizophora mucronata[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[English Definition] coastal tree species of which the wood is mainly used for building and high quality charcoal, and also for firewood, dyes, medicines, ointments, bow-nets (using roots) fishing traps, and weapons[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkoko mwekundu[Swahili Plural] mikoko miekundu[English Word] mangrove (type of)[English Plural] mangroves[Taxonomy] Ceriops tagal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[English Definition] coastal tree species of which the wood is used for building material, paddles, oars, firewood, charcoal, dyes, and fishing traps[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------ -
5 mkomafi
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkomafi[Swahili Plural] mikomafi[English Word] tree species[Taxonomy] Carapa moluccensis[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkomafi[Swahili Plural] mikomafi[English Word] mangrove (type of)[English Plural] mangroves[Taxonomy] Xylocarpus granatum[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[English Definition] coastal tree species of which the wood is used especially for canoes and charcoal, and also for firewood, and of which the fruits provide a remedy for stomach aches[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] mkomafi dume[Swahili Plural] mikomafi dume[English Word] mangrove (type of)[English Plural] mangroves[Taxonomy] Xylocarpus moluccensis[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 3/4[English Definition] coastal tree species of which the wood is used for high quality timber, bed construction, window and door frames, charcoal, and firewood[Terminology] botany------------------------------------------------------------ -
6 μαρίλη
μᾰρῑλ-η, ἡ,A embers of charcoal, coal-dust (= ἡ ἐξ ἀνθράκων τέφρα Sch.Ar.Ach. 349; = ἀμαυρὸν πῦρ, ὁ χνοῦς καὶ τὸ λεπτότατον τῶν ἀνθράκων, Suid.), Hippon.59, Cratin.257, Com.Adesp.443;μ. ἀνθράκων Hippon.71
, cf.Ar.Ach. 350: distd. from ἄνθρακες (charcoal) and σποδιή (ashes) by Hp.Mul.2.133; hot embers, Ruf. ap. Orib.4.2.20;λεπτῆς μ. Arist.Pr. 967b5
;χαλκεὺς γέμων κάπνου καὶ μαρίλης Jul.Or.7.233b
: hence, ὦ Μᾰρῑλάδη O son of Coaldust! comic name of an Acharnian collier, Ar.Ach. 609. -
7 ἄνθραξ
ἄνθραξ, - ᾰκοςGrammatical information: m.Meaning: `charcoal' (Ar.), metaph. `carbuncle' (Arist.).Other forms: mostly pl. ἄνθρακεςDerivatives: Many deriv., e.g. ἀνθρακών m. `heap of coals' (Hdn.).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: One compares Arm. ant`-el `charcoal', and further Georg. *nt` in v-a-nt`-ab `kindle' (Vogt NTS 9,333), but the formations are quite different. S. Winter Prothet. Vokal 45. - Fur. 197, 393 compares ἀνδράχλη `warming-pan, brazier' Eust. (cf. ἀνθράκιον `brazier'); further κάνδαρος ἄνθραξ H. (391) with κ-\/zero; cf. the suffix - ακ- (Bee. Pre-Gr.). So substr. origin is clear. (Comparison with Hitt. ant- `warm' is useless: it does not explain the formation of the Greek word.)Page in Frisk: 1,109-110Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἄνθραξ
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8 kaboni
[Swahili Word] kaboni[English Word] carbon[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9[Dialect] recent[English Definition] a nonmetallic chiefly tetravalent element found native (as in the diamond and graphite) or as a constituent of coal, petroleum, and asphalt, of limestone and other carbonates, and of organic compounds or obtained artificially in varying degrees of purity especially as carbon black, lampblack, activated carbon, charcoal, and coke (identified 1789)[Terminology] chemistry------------------------------------------------------------ -
9 matita
f pencilmatita colorata colo(u)red pencilmatita per gli occhi eye pencilmatita per sopracciglia eyebrow pencil* * *matita s.f. pencil: matita blu, rossa, blue, red pencil; matita copiativa, copying-pencil; matita con mina di grafite, lead pencil; disegno a matita, pencil drawing; disegno a due matite, sketch in charcoal and white chalk; scrivere a matita, to write in pencil; temperare la matita, to sharpen a pencil // matita automatica, mechanical pencil // matita per gli occhi, eyeliner; matita per le labbra, lip liner // matita emostatica, styptic pencil // (inform.): matita di lettura, wand reader (o scanner); matita elettronica, data pen.* * *[ma'tita]1. sf2.* * *[ma'tita]sostantivo femminile pencil* * *matita/ma'tita/sostantivo f.\matita colorata (pencil) crayon; matita per le labbra lip liner; matita per gli occhi eye pencil; matita per le sopracciglia eyebrow pencil. -
10 Selles-sur-Cher
village in the Loire valley identified with a small, flat, truncated cylinder of goat's-milk cheese with a mottled blueish-gray rind (sometimes patted with powdered charcoal) and a pure-white interior. -
11 древесный уголь
древесный уголь
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
charcoal
A porous solid product containing 85-98% carbon and produced by heating carbonaceous materials such as cellulose, wood or peat at 500-600 CĐ° in the absence of air. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
EN
DE
FR
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > древесный уголь
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12 kola-karl
and kola-maðr, m. a charcoal-maker, Vápn. 16, Rétt. 59, Art. -
13 carbón
m.1 coal, charcoal.2 carbon pencil.* * *1 (gen) coal2 (carboncillo) charcoal\negro,-a como el carbón as black as coal¡se acabó el carbón! familiar that's that!carbón de leña charcoalcarbón de piedra coalcarbón mineral coalcarbón vegetal charcoal* * *noun m.1) coal2) charcoal* * *SM1) (Min) coalcarbón bituminoso — soft coal, bituminous coal
carbón menudo — small coal, slack
2) (Tip) (tb: papel carbón) carbon paper3) (Arte) charcoal4) (Elec) carbon5) (Agr) smut* * *1) (Min) tbcarbón mineral or de piedra — coal
negro como el carbón — as black as coal
2)a) tbcarbón vegetal or de leña — charcoal
b) (Art) charcoal* * *= coal.Ex. Any project which assists the use of coal and steel would be eligible.----* carbón vegetal = charcoal.* cocina a carbón = coal-burning stove.* cocina de carbón = coal-burning stove.* Comunidad Europea del Carbón y el Acero (CECA) = European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).* de color y textura parecidos al carbón = carbonaceous.* fibra de carbón = carbon fibre.* industria del carbón = coal industry.* mina de carbón = coal mine.* negro como el carbón = pitch-black, pitch-dark.* yacimiento de carbón = coal field.* * *1) (Min) tbcarbón mineral or de piedra — coal
negro como el carbón — as black as coal
2)a) tbcarbón vegetal or de leña — charcoal
b) (Art) charcoal* * *= coal.Ex: Any project which assists the use of coal and steel would be eligible.
* carbón vegetal = charcoal.* cocina a carbón = coal-burning stove.* cocina de carbón = coal-burning stove.* Comunidad Europea del Carbón y el Acero (CECA) = European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC).* de color y textura parecidos al carbón = carbonaceous.* fibra de carbón = carbon fibre.* industria del carbón = coal industry.* mina de carbón = coal mine.* negro como el carbón = pitch-black, pitch-dark.* yacimiento de carbón = coal field.* * *A ( Min) tbcarbón mineral or de piedra coalnegro como el carbón as black as coal, as black as the ace of spadesB1tb carbón vegetal or de leña charcoal2 ( Art) charcoalun retrato al carbón a portrait drawn in charcoal, a charcoal portrait3 ( Farm) charcoalC (de un motor eléctrico) brush* * *
carbón sustantivo masculino
◊ negro como el carbón as black as coal
carbón sustantivo masculino coal
carbón mineral, coal
carbón vegetal, charcoal
' carbón' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
anhídrido
- bióxido
- calco
- carbonizarse
- carbono
- CECA
- óxido
- turba
- apalear
- brasero
- calcado
- carbonilla
- echar
- mina
- monóxido
- pala
- papel
English:
absorb
- carbon
- carbon copy
- carbon dating
- carbon dioxide
- carbon fibre
- carbon paper
- charcoal
- coal
- Coke
- colliery
- convert
- dioxide
- pit
- scuttle
- stoke
- throw on
- coke
- fire
- supply
* * *carbón nm1. [para quemar] coal;negro como el carbón [negro] black as coal;[bronceado] brown as a berry carbón animal animal charcoal;carbón de leña charcoal;carbón mineral coal;carbón de piedra coal;carbón vegetal charcoal2. [para dibujar] charcoal* * *m coal* * *1) : coal2) : charcoal* * *carbón n (en general) coal -
14 въглен
1. същ. coal. emberживотински въглен animal blackвъглен за рисуване drawing charcoal, a stick of charcoal2. мед. carbon3. бот. black rustседя като на въглени be on pins and needles/on tenterhooks4. прил. въглена киселина carbonic acid* * *въ̀глен,м., -и, (два) въ̀глена 1. coal, ember; жив \въглен live coal; \въглен за рисуване drawing charcoal, stick of charcoal; животински \въглен animal black; разпален \въглен glowing ember; рисунка с \въглен charcoal (drawing); правя на \въглен burn to a cinder; ставам на \въглен be incinerated;2. мед. carbon; активен \въглен activated carbon; еднороден \въглен plain carbon;3. бот. black rust; • покрит \въглен secretive person; седя като на \въглени be on pins and needles/on tenterhooks.——————прил.: \въглена киселина carbonic acid.* * *charcoal (изк.); coal: live въглен - жив въглен* * *1. 1 същ. coal. ember 2. 4 прил.: ВЪГЛЕНа киселина carbonic acid 3. ВЪГЛЕН за рисуване drawing charcoal, a stick of charcoal 4. бот. black rust 5. жив ВЪГЛЕН a live coal 6. животински ВЪГЛЕН animal black 7. мед. carbon 8. покрит ВЪГЛЕН a secretive person 9. правя на ВЪГЛЕН burn to a cinder 10. разпален ВЪГЛЕН a glowing ember 11. рисунка с ВЪГЛЕН a charcoal (drawing) 12. седя като на ВЪГЛЕНи be on pins and needles/on tenterhooks 13. ставам на ВЪГЛЕН be incinerated -
15 carbón vegetal
m.1 charcoal, wood coal.2 carbo ligni.* * *charcoal* * *(n.) = charcoalEx. The stuff was diluted there with water to the appearance and consistency of liquid porridge; it was kept tepid with a small charcoal furnace let into the side of the vat, and it was stirred up occasionally with a paddle.* * *(n.) = charcoalEx: The stuff was diluted there with water to the appearance and consistency of liquid porridge; it was kept tepid with a small charcoal furnace let into the side of the vat, and it was stirred up occasionally with a paddle.
* * *charcoal -
16 dibujo
m.1 drawing.dibujo a lápiz/al carboncillo pencil/charcoal drawingdibujo anatómico anatomical drawingdibujo lineal (education) = drawing of geometrical figuresdibujo técnico technical drawingdibujos animados cartoons2 pattern.pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: dibujar.* * *1 (arte) drawing, sketching2 (imagen) drawing3 (motivo) pattern, design\academia de dibujo school of art, art schooldibujo artístico artistic drawingdibujo lineal draughtsmanship (US draftsmanship)dibujos animados cartoons* * *noun m.1) design2) drawing•* * *SM1) (=actividad) drawingdibujo lineal, dibujo técnico — technical drawing
2) (=representación gráfica) (Arte) drawing; (Téc) design; [en periódico] cartoon3) [en papel, tela] patterndibujo escocés — tartan, tartan design
4) (=descripción) description, depiction* * *a) ( arte) drawingb) ( representación) drawingun dibujo a lápiz/al carboncillo — a pencil/charcoal drawing
c) ( estampado) pattern* * *= drawing, pattern.Ex. Forms of symbol used for presentation are: 1 language, eg Arabic; 2 mathematical, eg. graphs, formulae; 3 pictorial, eg drawings.Ex. The pattern of the laid mould is described by giving the spacing in millimetres of the chain-lines and wire-lines in the vicinity of the watermark.----* colección de dibujos = drawing collection.* dibujo a lápiz = pencil drawing.* dibujo a pluma = pen drawing, pen drawing, pen drawing.* dibujo a tinta = ink drawing.* dibujo de la malla = wire pattern.* dibujo libre = free-hand drawing.* dibujo lineal = line drawing.* dibujo panorámico = panoramic drawing.* dibujos animados = animated cartoons.* dibujos animados japoneses = Anime.* dibujo técnico = architectural rendering, engineering drawing, technical drawing, architectural drawing.* libro táctil de dibujos = tactile picture book.* mesa de dibujo = drawing table, art-room table, art-room drawing table, drawing board.* película de dibujos animados = cartoon film.* * *a) ( arte) drawingb) ( representación) drawingun dibujo a lápiz/al carboncillo — a pencil/charcoal drawing
c) ( estampado) pattern* * *= drawing, pattern.Ex: Forms of symbol used for presentation are: 1 language, eg Arabic; 2 mathematical, eg. graphs, formulae; 3 pictorial, eg drawings.
Ex: The pattern of the laid mould is described by giving the spacing in millimetres of the chain-lines and wire-lines in the vicinity of the watermark.* colección de dibujos = drawing collection.* dibujo a lápiz = pencil drawing.* dibujo a pluma = pen drawing, pen drawing, pen drawing.* dibujo a tinta = ink drawing.* dibujo de la malla = wire pattern.* dibujo libre = free-hand drawing.* dibujo lineal = line drawing.* dibujo panorámico = panoramic drawing.* dibujos animados = animated cartoons.* dibujos animados japoneses = Anime.* dibujo técnico = architectural rendering, engineering drawing, technical drawing, architectural drawing.* libro táctil de dibujos = tactile picture book.* mesa de dibujo = drawing table, art-room table, art-room drawing table, drawing board.* película de dibujos animados = cartoon film.* * *1 (arte) drawingclase de dibujo drawing classel dibujo no es mi fuerte drawing is not my strong point2 (representación) drawingun dibujo a lápiz/al carboncillo a pencil/charcoal drawinghacer dibujos ( Chi fam): hace dibujos con la plata para que le alcance she performs miracles in order to eke the money outhacen dibujos para pagar el colegio de los niños they make incredible sacrifices in order to pay their children's school fees3 (estampado) patternun dibujo de flores/a rayas a floral/striped pattern4 (de la madera) grainCompuestos:line drawingcommercial drawingmpl cartoons (pl)una película de dibujos animados a cartoon, an animated filmtechnical drawing* * *
Del verbo dibujar: ( conjugate dibujar)
dibujo es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
dibujó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
dibujar
dibujo
dibujar ( conjugate dibujar) verbo transitivo/intransitivo
to draw;
dibujo sustantivo masculino
dibujo lineal line drawing
dibujos animados cartoons (pl)
dibujar verbo transitivo to draw: dibújame un boceto de tu casa de campo, sketch your country house for me
dibujo sustantivo masculino drawing
dibujos animados, cartoons pl; dibujo artístico, (artistic) drawing, sketching
dibujo lineal, technical drawing, draughtsmanship
' dibujo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
calcar
- chiste
- cuadriculada
- cuadriculado
- delinear
- emplear
- esbozar
- escuadra
- esquema
- facultad
- grabada
- grabado
- greca
- lineal
- perfilar
- proyecto
- pulso
- retratar
- singular
- sombrear
- tablero
- tatuaje
- tinta
- trazar
- trazo
- boceto
- borrador
- borrar
- carboncillo
- caricatura
- garabato
- hacer
- monigote
- muñeco
- proporcionado
- representar
- rupestre
English:
art
- balloon
- design
- designer
- drawing
- figure
- full-scale
- of
- pattern
- picture
- protractor
- scale down
- sketch
- sketch-book
- sketch-pad
- small-scale
- technical drawing
- tread
- line
- match
* * *dibujo nm1. [técnica, obra] drawing;no se le da bien el dibujo he's no good at drawing;el profesor de dibujo the drawing teacher;Esp Fammeterse en dibujos to complicate things unnecessarilydibujo anatómico anatomical drawing;dibujos animados cartoons;una película de dibujos animados a cartoon film, a feature-length cartoon;fue una jugada de dibujos animados [en fútbol] it was a piece of wizardry;dibujo artístico drawing [as school subject];dibujo al carboncillo charcoal drawing;dibujo a lápiz pencil drawing;dibujo lineal [asignatura] = drawing of geometrical figures;dibujo a mano alzada freehand drawing;dibujo técnico technical drawing2. [en tela, prenda] pattern;un dibujo a cuadros/de círculos a check/circle pattern* * *con dibujo(s) with illustrations* * *dibujo nm1) : drawing2) : design, pattern3)dibujos animados : (animated) cartoons* * *dibujo n1. (en general) drawing2. (estampado) patternhacer un dibujo de algo to draw a picture of something / to do a drawing of something -
17 gris
adj.1 gray (color).2 bleak, gray, grey, not very promising.3 somber, grayish, greyish.4 cloudy, covered with clouds, overcast, stormy.m.gray.gris marengo/perla dark/pearl graym. s.&pl.1 gray, gray color, grey color, grey.2 Gris, Juan Gris.3 Siberian squirrel.* * *► adjetivo1 grey (US gray)2 figurado (mediocre) mediocre, third-rate1 (color) grey (US gray)\gris marengo charcoal greygris perla pearl grey* * *adj.* * *1.ADJ [color] grey, gray (EEUU); [día, tiempo, persona] grey, dulloso2. SM1) (=color) grey2) Esp † * cop *, member of the armed policelos grises — the fuzz **
3) * (=viento)* * *I II* * *I II* * *gris11 = grey [gray, -USA], gray [grey, -UK].Ex: If the spot stays yellow the paper is decidedly acid; an in-between colour (green, grey, grey-green, yellow-green) indicates mild acidity; while if the spot goes purple, the paper is near-neutral or alkaline.
Ex: He glanced casually at the ill-balanced frontages of the buildings ahead that stretched on and on until they melded in an indistinguishable mass of gray at Laurence Street.* de diferentes tonalidades de gris = grey scale [gray scale].* escala de grises = grey scale [gray scale].* literatura gris = grey literature (GL).* materia gris = grey matter [gray matter].* SIGLE (Sistema de Información sobre Literatura Gris en Europa) = SIGLE (System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe).* sustancia gris = grey matter [gray matter].gris22 = murky [murkier -comp., murkiest -sup.].Ex: There are extraordinary uncertainties in the murky future of higher education and to change the character of our library at this stage would be too extreme a measure.
* * *gris11 ‹color/ojos/traje› gray*; ‹día› gray*, overcast2 (modificado por otro adj: inv) gray*zapatos gris oscuro dark gray shoesgris2A (color) [ Vocabulary notes (Spanish) ] gray*un gris más fuerte a darker grayCompuestos:A masculine charcoal gray*B adj inv charcoal-gray*A masculine metallic gray*B adj inv metallic gray*A masculine pearl-gray*B adj inv pearl-gray*A masculine slate gray*B adj inv slate-gray*A masculine gunmetal gray*B adj inv gunmetal-gray** * *
gris adjetivo / noun masculine
gray( conjugate gray)
gris adjetivo & sustantivo masculino grey, US gray
materia gris, grey matter
gris marengo, charcoal grey
gris perla, pearl grey
' gris' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cana
- cano
- canosa
- canoso
- saco
- tornarse
- vestir
- intermedio
- materia
English:
background
- charcoal
- drab
- dull
- gloomy
- grey
- grey area
- grey matter
- bleak
- colorless
- dreary
- gray
* * *♦ adj1. [de color] grey2. [triste] gloomy, miserable3. [insignificante] dull, characterless♦ nm1. [color] greygris marengo dark grey;gris perla pearl-grey* * *I adj gray, BrgreyII m:gris perla pearl gray o Br grey* * *gris adj1) : gray2) : overcast, cloudy* * *gris adj n grey -
18 Dudley, Dud
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 1599d. 25 October 1684 Worcester, England[br]English ironmaster who drew attention to the need to change from charcoal to coal as a fuel for iron smelting.[br]Dudley was the fourth natural son of Edward Sutton, fifth Baron Dudley. In 1619 he was summoned from Balliol College, Oxford, to superintend his father's ironworks at Pensnet in Worcestershire. There had long been concern at the destruction of the forests in order to make charcoal for the smelting of iron ore, and unsuccessful attempts had been made to substitute coal as a fuel. Finding that charcoal was in short supply and coal plentiful near Pensnet, Dudley was stimulated by these attempts to try the process for himself. He claimed to have made good, marketable iron and in 1621 his father obtained a patent from the King to protect his process for thirty-one years. After a serious flood, Dudley moved to Staffordshire and continued his efforts there. In 1639 he was granted a further patent for making iron with coal. Although he probably made some samples of good iron, more by luck than judgement, it is hardly possible that he achieved consistent success. He blamed this on the machinations of other ironmasters. The day that King Charles II landed in England to assume his throne', Dudley petitioned him to renew his patents, but he was refused and he ceased to promote his invention. In 1665, however, he published his celebrated book Metallum Martis, Iron Made with Pit-Coaky Sea-Coale…. In this he described his efforts in general terms, but neither there nor in his patents does he give any technical details of his methods. He implied the use of slack or small coal from the Staffordshire Thick or Ten Yard coal, but this has a sulphur content that would have rendered the iron unusable; in addition, this coal would not have been suitable for converting to coke in order to remove the sulphur. Nevertheless, Dudley recognized the need to change from charcoal to coal as a fuel for iron smelting and drew attention to it, even though he himself achieved little success.[br]Further ReadingH.R.Schubert, 1957, History of the British Iron and Steel Industry AD 430 to AD 1775, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.W.K.V.Gale, 1967, The British Iron and Steel Industry: A Technical History, London (provides brief details of Dudley's life in relation to the history of ironmaking).LRD -
19 brasa
f.1 ember.2 live coal, brand, ember, firebrand.3 backlog, log at the back of the hearth.* * *1 ember, live coal\a la brasa barbecued* * *SF live coal, hot coalcarne a la brasa — grilled meat, barbecued meat
* * *femenino embercarne/pescado a la(s) brasa(s) — charcoal-grilled meat/fish
* * *= firebrand.Ex. By such mutual assistance, the wits and endeavours of the world may no longer be as so many scattered coals, or firebrands, which, for want of union are soon quenched, whereas, being but laid together, they would have yielded a comfortable light and heat.----* a la brasa = grilled.* asar a la brasa = grill, broil.* chuleta a la brasa = grilled steak.* filete a la brasa = grilled steak.* preparar a la brasa = grill, broil.* * *femenino embercarne/pescado a la(s) brasa(s) — charcoal-grilled meat/fish
* * *= firebrand.Ex: By such mutual assistance, the wits and endeavours of the world may no longer be as so many scattered coals, or firebrands, which, for want of union are soon quenched, whereas, being but laid together, they would have yielded a comfortable light and heat.
* a la brasa = grilled.* asar a la brasa = grill, broil.* chuleta a la brasa = grilled steak.* filete a la brasa = grilled steak.* preparar a la brasa = grill, broil.* * *embercarne/pescado a la brasa or a las brasas charcoal-grilled meat/fish* * *
brasa sustantivo femenino
ember;◊ carne/pescado a la(s) brasa(s) charcoal-grilled meat/fish
brasa sustantivo femenino ember, red-hot coal
♦ Locuciones: a la brasa, barbecued
' brasa' also found in these entries:
English:
ember
* * *brasa nf1. [tizón] ember;a la brasa barbecued2. CompEsp Famdar la brasa to go on and on;¡deja de dar la brasa! stop going on and on!, give it a rest!;Esp Famser un brasa to be deadly boring* * *f ember;a la brasa GASTR char-broiled, Br char-grilled* * *brasa nfascua: ember, live coal* * *brasa n ember -
20 kaa
------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[Swahili Plural] makaa[English Word] coal[English Plural] coal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Swahili Example] tumbawe, makaa, jivu, chumvi, karafuu na tangawizi [Abd][English Example] coral rag, coal, ashes, salt, cloves and ginger------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[Swahili Plural] makaa[English Word] charcoal[English Plural] charcoal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[Swahili Plural] makaa[English Word] ember[English Plural] embers[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Swahili Example] makaa ya moto[English Example] glowing hot embers------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[Swahili Plural] makaa[English Word] cinder[English Plural] cinders[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[Swahili Plural] makaa[English Word] fuel[English Plural] fuel[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa la mawe[Swahili Plural] makaa ya mawe[English Word] coal[English Plural] coal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Related Words] jiwe------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa la miti[Swahili Plural] makaa ya miti[English Word] charcoal[English Plural] charcoal[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Related Words] mti------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa la moto[Swahili Plural] makaa ya moto[English Word] live ember[English Plural] live embers[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 5/6[Related Words] moto------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[Swahili Plural] kaa[English Word] crab[English Plural] crabs[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Swahili Example] kuokota kombe, chaza, makome, kaa, chanje au fukulile [Moh][English Example] to gather conch, oysters, shellfish, large crabs, small crabs, or crabs hiding in the sand[Terminology] marine------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa makoko[Swahili Plural] kaa makoko[English Word] small mud-crab[English Plural] mud-crabs[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Related Words] koko[Terminology] marine------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa mswele[Swahili Plural] kaa mswele[English Word] box crab[English Plural] box crabs[Taxonomy] Calappa spp.[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] marine------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa mswele[Swahili Plural] kaa mswele[English Word] shame-faced crab[English Plural] shame-faced crabs[Taxonomy] Calappa spp.[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] marine------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa mswele[Swahili Plural] kaa mswele[English Word] shy crab[English Plural] shy crabs[Taxonomy] Calappa spp.[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] marine------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa tunga[Swahili Plural] kaa tunga[English Word] mangrove crab[English Plural] mangrove crabs[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Terminology] marine------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] kaa[English Word] Cancer (astrology)[English Plural] Cancers[Part of Speech] noun[Class] 9/10an[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] sit[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] akatolewa kiti akakaa [Sul][English Example] he was offered a seat and he sat------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa kitako[English Word] sit down[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kitako------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa kitako[English Word] be seated[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kitako------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] stay[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] matumaini yake ya kukaa pamoja na watoto hao [...] yalikaa katika mimba ya miezi mitano aliyokuwa nayo sasa [Kez][English Example] her hopes of staying with those children resided in the five-month old fetus she now had------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] reside[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] kaa mjini[English Example] reside in the city------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] inhabit[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] dwell[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] settle[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] live[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] ilimpasa kuja kukaa karibu na shule [Kez][English Example] it was necessary for her to come live near the school------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] exist[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] be[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] endure[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] last[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi[Swahili Example] mitungi hii imekaa sana[English Example] these earthenware pots have lasted for a long time------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] continue[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi[Swahili Example] itakaa siku nyingi[English Example] it will continue for many days------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] remain[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] wait[Part of Speech] verb[Related Words] kikalio, kikao, makao, makazi, mkaa, mkalio, ukaaji, ukao, ukazi[Swahili Example] kaa hapa, nitarudi sasa hivi[English Example] wait here, I'll be back right away------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] fit[Part of Speech] verb------------------------------------------------------------[Swahili Word] -kaa[English Word] suit (of clothes)[Part of Speech] verb[Swahili Example] ngoja nione kama litanikaa [Muk][English Example] wait while I see if it will suit me------------------------------------------------------------
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